Cystoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that examines the inside of the bladder and urethra. This examination aids in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating conditions affecting the urinary tract.
During a cystoscopy, a cystoscope—a thin, flexible instrument with a light and a camera at the end—is carefully inserted into the urethra and advanced into the bladder. The camera displays images on a screen, allowing the urologist to observe the bladder wall and urethra in detail.
Preparing for a Cystoscopy
Preparation for a cystoscopy ensures that the procedure goes smoothly and with minimal discomfort. Below are key steps and considerations for patients scheduled to undergo this diagnostic test:
Dietary and Medication Adjustments
Fasting: Depending on the anaesthesia used, you may need to refrain from eating or drinking for several hours before the cystoscopy.
Medication Management: Inform your urologist about all your medications and supplements. Certain medications, especially blood thinners, may need to be paused or adjusted to reduce the risk of bleeding during the procedure.
Preparing at Home
Hygiene: Shower or bathe on the day of your cystoscopy to reduce the risk of infection. Give particular attention to the cleanliness of your genital area.
Clothing: Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing to your appointment to ease the changing process and accommodate any post-procedure discomfort.
What to Bring
Documentation: Bring any required documents, such as your ID, insurance information, and medical records.
Support: Consider bringing a family member or friend who can help you with transportation and provide support after the procedure.
The Cystoscopy Procedure
Anaesthesia
For a simple cystoscopy, local anaesthesia may be applied directly to the urethra. In more complex cases, or if you are particularly anxious, sedation or general anaesthesia may be used.
Insertion of the Cystoscope
The cystoscope is lubricated and gently inserted into the urethra, then slowly advanced into the bladder. If you are awake, you may feel a sensation similar to needing to urinate.
Bladder Inspection
The camera on the cystoscope transmits images to a screen, allowing the urologist to examine the walls of the urethra and bladder. The procedure typically takes 15-30 minutes, depending on what is found and whether any samples are taken.
Possible Interventions
If necessary, instruments can be passed through the cystoscope to remove tissue samples (biopsies) or treat certain conditions.
Withdrawal of the Cystoscope
Once the examination is complete, the cystoscope is carefully withdrawn.
Recovery
You will be taken to a recovery area where you will be monitored until the effects of the anaesthesia wear off. Most patients can go home the same day.
What to Expect After a Cystoscopy
Recovery from a cystoscopy is generally quick, with most patients able to resume normal activities within a few days. However, it is important to be aware of the common sensations and potential signs of complications post-procedure.
Immediate Post-Procedure Effects
Discomfort and Pain: It is common to experience some discomfort or a burning sensation during urination for a few days after the procedure.
Bleeding: You might notice a small amount of blood in your urine or light spotting. This typically resolves within 24 to 48 hours.
Care Instructions
Hydration: Drinking plenty of fluids helps to flush out the bladder and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections.
Activity Level: Avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for at least 24 hours. You can gradually return to your usual activities as comfort permits.
Monitoring: Keep an eye on your urine output and the presence of blood or signs of infection, such as fever, chills, or pain that worsens or does not improve.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Persistent Bleeding: If bleeding becomes heavy or does not decrease after a couple of days, contact your urologist.
Signs of Infection: Symptoms such as fever, persistent pain, or cloudy urine could indicate an infection, necessitating prompt medical attention.
Conclusion
Cystoscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool that provides essential insights into the health of the bladder and urethra. It plays an important role in diagnosing, monitoring, and sometimes treating urinary system conditions.
If you have symptoms that may require a cystoscopy, we encourage you to contact our clinic to book a consultation. Our experienced urologist is committed to providing you with the highest standard of care, ensuring your comfort and safety throughout the diagnostic process.
